Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in north-eastern Africa. It is the largest country in Africa and the Arab world and tenth largest in the world by area. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. The world's longest river, the Nile, divides the country between east and west sides.
Kenya had, since independence, maintained considerable stability despite changes in its political system and crises in neighbouring countries. This had been particularly true since the re-emergence of multiparty democracy and the accompanying increase in freedom (including freedom of speech, the press, and assembly).
Somalia has been since 1991 in the civil war and has since then no more firm government. The political situation is extremely tangled.
International NGOs are operating under a very dangerous security situation in Somalia. The country is driven by the role of clans and by the evolving roles of business, religious and civic groups.
.Somalia has lacked a functioning central government since 1991, when armed opposition groups’ overthrow of the existing government resulted in turmoil, factional fighting, and anarchy. Somalia’s current transitional government is the result of a national reconciliation process, 1 of 15 such efforts since 1991.